The Value of Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in the Prognosis of Pulmonary Embolism: A Consensus Paper

Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in the setting of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) are being increasingly characterized and mounting evidence suggests that ECG plays a valuable role in prognostication for PE. We review the historical 21‐point ECG prognostic score for the severity of PE and examine the updated evidence surrounding the utility of ECG abnormalities in prognostication for severity of acute PE. We performed a literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed up to February 2015. Article titles and abstracts were screened, and articles were included if they were observational studies that used a surface 12‐lead ECG as the instrument for measurement, a diagnosis of PE was confirmed by imaging, arteriography or autopsy, and analysis of prognostic outcomes was performed. Thirty‐six articles met our inclusion criteria. We review the prognostic value of ECG abnormalities included in the 21‐point ECG score, including new evidence that has arisen since the time of its publication. We also discuss the potential prognostic value of several ECG abnormalities with newly identified prognostic value in the setting of acute PE.     

microRNA-613调控CDK14来抑制老年胶质瘤患者瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭作用

目的 探讨microRNA-613调控细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶14(CDK14)通路来抑制老年胶质瘤患者瘤细胞增殖和侵袭的机制。方法 购自上海北诺生物科技有限公司的人脑胶质瘤细胞株U251共24株,分为shNC组、shmicroRNA-613组、Vector组、microRNA-613组,每组各6株; Western Blotting法和qRT-PCR法检测敲减microRNA-613和过表达microRNA-613后的人脑胶质瘤细胞株U251中CDK14蛋白表达水平,CCK-8细胞增殖实验、Transwell小室实验验证敲除microRNA-613和过表达microRNA-613后U251细胞的增殖、侵袭能力。结果 人胶质瘤细胞株U251敲减microRNA-613后CDK14蛋白表达增加(P<0.05); 人胶质瘤细胞株U251过表达microRNA-613后CDK14蛋白表达减少(P<0.05); 转染第24、36、48 h microRNA-613组U251细胞增殖率P<0.05); microRNA-613组U251细胞侵袭能力>Vector组,shNC组>shmicroRNA-613组(P<0.05)。结论 microRNA-613可通过调控CDK14信号转导通路来抑制人脑胶质瘤细胞U251增殖、转移。     

Mixed Reality Combined with Three‐Dimensional Printing Technology in Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Updated Review with a Preliminary Case Presentation

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology, virtual reality, and augmented reality technology have been used to help surgeons to complete complex total hip arthroplasty, while their respective shortcomings limit their further application. With the development of technology, mixed reality (MR) technology has been applied to improve the success rate of complicated hip arthroplasty because of its unique advantages. We presented a case of a 59‐year‐old man with an intertrochanteric fracture in the left femur, who had received a prior left hip fusion. After admission to our hospital, a left total hip arthroplasty was performed on the patient using a combination of MR technology and 3D printing technology. Before surgery, 3D reconstruction of a certain bony landmark exposed in the surgical area was first performed. Then a veneer part was designed according to the bony landmark and connected to a reference registration landmark outside the body through a connecting rod. After that, the series of parts were made into a holistic reference registration instrument using 3D printing technology, and the patient's data for bone and surrounding tissue, along with digital 3D information of the reference registration instrument, were imported into the head‐mounted display (HMD). During the operation, the disinfected reference registration instrument was installed on the selected bony landmark, and then the automatic real‐time registration was realized by HMD through recognizing the registration landmark on the reference registration instrument, whereby the patient's virtual bone and other anatomical structures were quickly and accurately superimposed on the real body of the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use MR combined with 3D printing technology in total hip arthroplasty.     

Quercetin protects against cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting Mincle/Syk/NF‐κB signaling maintained macrophage inflammation

Acute kidney injury (AKI) with high incidence and mortality is the main cause of chronic kidney disease. Previous studies have indicated that quercetin, an abundant flavonoid in plants, exhibited renoprotective role in AKI. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, we try to explore whether quercetin protects against AKI by inhibiting macrophage inflammation via regulation of Mincle/Syk/NF‐κB signaling. The results demonstrated that quercetin can significantly inhibit expression and secretion of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in LPS‐induced bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) and reduce activity of Mincle/Syk/NF‐κB signaling in vitro. We also found that quercetin can strongly reduce the concentration of serum creatinine, BUN, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in cisplatin‐induced AKI model. Furthermore, quercetin down‐regulated protein levels of Mincle, phosphorylated Syk and NF‐κB in kidney macrophages of AKI, as well as inhibited M1, up‐regulated M2 macrophage activity. Notably, the down‐regulation of LPS‐induced inflammation by quercetin was reversed after adding TDB (an agonist of Mincle) in BMDMs, suggesting that quercetin suppresses macrophage inflammation may mainly through inhibiting Mincle and its downstream signaling. In summary, these findings clarified a new mechanism of quercetin improving AKI‐induced kidney inflammation and injury, which provides a new drug option for the clinical treatment of AKI.